Shannondale
by Joe Metzger
June 28, 2003 field trip led by Larry Stritch
Herbaceous Plants
Ferns
Polypodiaceae Fern
Asplenium trichomanes Maidenhair Spleenwort
Camptosorus rhizophyllus Walking Fern
Cystopteris bulbifera Bulblet Fern
Pellaea sp. Cliff Brake (rocky cliff) W?
Monocots
Araceae Arum
Arisaema triphyllum Jack in the Pulpit
Cyperaceae Sedge
Carex sp. Woodland Sedge (W4)
Gramineae Grass
Brachyelytrum erectum Bearded Short Husk Grass
(Bromus sp?) (Brome Grass?) E?*
Elymus virginicus Virginia Wild Rye
Eulalia viminea Stilt Grass E1
Liliaceae Lily
Polygonatum canaliculatum Giant Solomon's Seal
Smilacina racemosa False Solomon's Seal
Trillium sessile Sessile Toadshade Trillium
Dicots
Aristolochiaceae Birthwort
Asarum canadense Wild Ginger
Balsaminaceae Balsam
Impatiens pallida Yellow Jewel Weed
Berberidaceae Barberry
Caulophyllum thalictroides Blue Cohosh
Caryophyllaceae Pink
(Cerastium sp.?) Chickweed (rocky cliff)
(Lychnis alba?) (White Campion?) E
Stellaria pubera Star Chickweed
Compositae Composite
Ambrosia trifida Giant Ragweed
Arctium minus Common Burdock E
Artemisia annua Annual Wormwood E
Aster sp. Aster (cordate leaf)
Aster sp. Aster (sun)
Cichorium intybus Chicory E
Erigeron annuus Annual Fleabane
Erigeron philadelphicus Common Fleabane
Erigeron pulchellus Robin's Plantain
Eupatorium fistulosum Hollow Joe Pye Weed
Eupatorium purpureum Sweet Joe Pye Weed
Eupatorium rugosum White Snakeroot
Helianthus sp. Sunflower (petioled)
Lactuca sp. (Blue?) Lettuce
Polymnia uvedalia Yellow Leafcup
(Prenanthes sp?) (Rattlesnake Root? - petioled)
Rudbeckia laciniata Cut Leaf Coneflower
Solidago flexicaulis Zig Zag Goldenrod
Solidago sp. Goldenrod (sun)
Taraxacum officinale Dandelion E
Verbesina alternifolia Wingstem
Crassulaceae Stonecrop
Sedum telephioides Wild Live Forever
Sedum ternatum Woodland Stonecrop
Cruciferae Mustard
Alliaria officinalis Garlic Mustard E1
(Brassica sp?) Mustard E
Dicots (cont.)
Labiatae Mint
(Agastache sp?) (Giant Hyssop?)
Glechoma hederacea Gill over the Ground E3
Leonurus cardiaca Motherwort E
Mentha sp. Mint E
Perilla frutescens Beefsteak Plant E3
Leguminosae Legume
Medicago sativa Alfalfa E
Trifolium pratense Red Clover E
Lobelia inflata Indian Tobacco
Onagraceae Evening Primrose
Circaea quadrisulcata Enchanter's Nightshade N?*
Oxalidaceae Wood Sorrel
Oxalis sp. Wood Sorrel (yellow)
Papaveraceae Poppy
Chelidonium majus Greater Celandine E
Phytolaccaceae Pokeweed
Phytolacca americana Pokeweed
Plantaginaceae Plantain
Plantago rugelii Broad Leaf Plantain
Polygonaceae Smartweed
Rumex obtusifolius Broad Leaf Dock E
Primulaceae Primrose
Lysimachia nummularia Water Moneywort E3
Ranunculaceae Buttercup
Anemone virginiana Virginia Thimbleweed
Thalictrum dioicum Early Meadow Rue
Rubiaceae Bedstraw
Galium sp. Bedstraw (6 broad leaflets)
Umbelliferae Parsley
Conium maculatum Poison Hemlock E
Cryptotaenia canadensis Honewort
Daucus carota Queen Anne's Lace E
Osmorhiza claytonii Hairy Sweet Cicely
Sanicula gregaria Clustered Snakeroot
(Sanicula trifoliata?) (Three Leaf Snakeroot?)
Urticaceae Nettle
Laportea canadensis Wood Nettle
Pilea pumila Clearweed
Violaceae Violet
Hybanthus concolor Green Violet
Viola canadensis Canadian White Violet
Viola sp. Violet (stemless)
Viola sp. Violet (stemmed, wooly capsule)
Viola sp. Violet (stemmed, smooth capsule)
Woody Plants
Shrubs and Vines
Monocots
Liliaceae Lily
Smilax rotundifolia Common Greenbrier
Dicots
Anacardiaceae Sumac
Toxicodendron radicans Poison Ivy
Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle
Sambucus canadensis American Elderberry
Cannabinaceae Hemp
Humulus japonicus Japanese Hop Vine E
Celastraceae Bittersweet
Celastrus sp. Bittersweet E?*
Convolvulaceae Morning Glory
(Calystegia sepium?) Hedge Bindweed
Lauraceae Laurel
Lindera benzoin Spicebush
Leguminosae Legume
Amphicarpa bracteata Hog Peanut
Menispermaceae Moonseed
Menispermum canadense Canada Moonseed
Ranunculaceae Buttercup
Clematis (virginiana?) (Virgin's Bower?)
Rosaceae Rose
Physocarpus opulifolius Ninebark
Rosa multiflora Rambler Rose E1
Saxifragaceae Saxifrage
Hydrangea arborescens Wild Hydrangea
Ribes sp. (Currant/Gooseberry) W?
Vitaceae Grape
Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper
Vitis sp. Grape
Small Trees
Dicots
Annonaceae Custard Apple
Asimina triloba Paw Paw
Betulaceae Birch
Ostrya virginiana Hop Hornbeam
Hamamelidaceae Witch Hazel
Hamamelis virginiana Witch Hazel
Moraceae Mulberry
Broussonetia papyrifera Paper Mulberry E
Morus alba White Mulberry E3
Staphyleaceae Bladdernut
Staphylea trifolia Bladdernut
Canopy Trees
Dicots
Aceraceae Maple
Acer negundo Box Elder
Acer rubrum Red Maple
Acer saccharinum Silver Maple
Acer saccharum Sugar Maple
Fagaceae Beech
Quercus rubra Red Oak
Juglandaceae Walnut
Carya sp. Hickory
Juglans nigra Black Walnut
Leguminosae Legume
Robinia pseudo-acacia Black Locust
Magnoliaceae Magnolia
Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip Tree
Oleaceae Olive
Fraxinus sp. Ash
Platanaceae Sycamore
Platanus occidentalis Sycamore
Tiliaceae Linden
Tilia americana Basswood
Ulmaceae Elm
Celtis occidentalis Hackberry
Ulmus rubra Slippery Elm
W2 State rare. Imperiled in West Virginia because of rarity (typically 6 to 20 estimated occurrences or few remaining individuals or acres in the State) or because of some factor(s) making it vulnerable to becoming extirpated.
W? Some species in the genus are rare to uncommon with the number of occurrences in the range of 0 to 100 in West Virginia.
N?* A variable species whose range extends beyond the United States, but all varieties found in West Virginia are native.
E?* There are both native and naturalized varieties/species possible.
E1 Naturalized exotics which are both damaging and invasive to natural areas.
E2 Naturalized exotics which are not as readily established but are very persistent and damaging to native vegetation.
E3 Naturalized exotics which are not as invasive as the other two groups, but are still potentially harmful.
E An exotic species from outside the United States which has naturalized in West Virginia.
W4 Width of basal leaf has a maximum width of 12 mm. and less than 25 mm.