List compiled by Judy Dumke.
14 May 2005
Tri State Chapter of the West Virginia Native Plants Association
Field trip to Carter Caves State Park, Carter County Kentucky. Departed from the Nature Center walked up the road, under the natural bridge, returned to the Nature Center and took Horn Hollow Trail.
weather delightful
Nomenclature follows Harmon et. Al. Checklist of the Vascular Flora of WV.
Technical document 95-1 Nongame and Natural Heritage Program WVDNR
italics = non native
Not Keyed but interesting there was a reproducing liverwort sp showing both antheridiophores and archegoniophores on the stone wall beneath the overflow parking lot at the nature center.
SELAGINELLACEAE
Selaginella apoda (L>) Spring Meadow Spikemoss
Pteridophyta
ADIANTACEAE
Adiantum pedatum L. Maidenhair Fern
ASPLENIACEAE
Asplenium rhizophyllum L. Walking Fern
Syn. Camptosorus rhizophyllus (L>) Link
DRYOPTERIDACEAE
Athyrium filix-femina L. Roth ssp asplenioides (Michx) Hulten
Syn. Athyrium asplenioides A. Eaton Southern Lady Fern
Cystopteris bulbifera (L.) Bernh. Bulbiferous bladder fern
Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx) Schott Christmas Fern
OPHIOGLOSSACEAE
Botrychium oneidense (Gilbert) House Blunt Lobed Grape Fern
B. virginianum (L.) Rattlesnake Fern
Onoclea sensibilis L. Sensitive Fern
OSMUNDACEAE
Osmunda cinnamonea L. var. cinnamonea Cinnamon Fern
POLYPODIACEAE
Diplazium pycnocarpon (Spreng.) Broun Glade Fern
Syn. Athyrium pycnocarpon (Spreng.) Tidestr.
THELYPTERIDACEAE
Phegotpteris hexagonoptera (Michx) Fee Broad Beech Fern
Gymnospermae
PINACEAE
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Hemlock
CUPRESSACEAE
Juniperus virginiana L. Red Cedar
Angiospermae
Monocots
AMARYLLIDACEAE
Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville Yellow Star Grass
ARACEAE
Arasaema triphyllum (L.) Shott Jack in the Pulpit
CYPERACEAE
Carex. laxiflora group
C. leptonervia (Fern.) Fern Sedge
C. Pensylvanica Lam. Pennsylvania sedge
C. Platyphylla Carey Broad Leafed Sedge
other Carex too immature to key
DIOSCOREACEAE
Dioscorea quaternata (Walt.) J. F. Gmel. 4 leaved wild yam
D. villosa L. Wild Yam
IRIDACEAE
Iris cristata Ait abundant Crested Iris
I. Verna L. 1 plant Spring Iris
Sisyrinchium angustifolium P. Mill Blue -eyed grass
JUNCACEAE
Luzula acuminata Raf. Hairy Wood Rush
L. echinata (Small) Hermann Woodrush
N.b. Newer revisions would give a few differences
LILIACEAE
Chamaelirium luteum (L>) Gray Devil’s Bit (our mystery plant)
Disporum lanuginosum(Michx) Nichols Hairy Disporum
Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link false Solomon’s Seal
Syn. Smilacina racemosa (L.) Desf.
Polygonatum pubescens (Willd.) Pursh Downy Solomon’s seal
Trillium grandiflorum (Michx) Salisb Large Flowered Trillium
Uvularia grandiflora Sm. Large flowered Bellwort
ORCHIDACEAE
Aplectrum hyemale (Muhl. Ex Willd.) Torr Putty Root
Cypripedium acaule Ait. Pink Lady’s Slipper
C. pubescens Willd. Large Lady’s slipper
Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf. Showy orchis
Syn. Orchis spectabilis L.
Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. BR. Downy rattlesnake plantain
POACEAE
Anthoxanthum aristatum Boiss Sweet Vernal Grass
Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb. ex Spreng) Beauv no common name
Bromus kalmii Gray Canada Bromegrass
Syn. B. purgans L.
Dactylis glomerata L. Orchard Grass
Danthonia spicata (L.) Beauv. Poverty Oat Grass
Dichanthelium clandestinum (L.) Gould Deer tongue grass
Syn. Panicum clandestinum L.
Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus Eulalia, Japanese stilt grass
Poa compressa L. Canada bluegrass
P. pratensis L. Kentucky bluegrass
Dicots
ACERACEAE
Acer rubrum L. Red Maple
Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. Ox-eye Daisy
Syn. Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L.
Taraxacum officinale Weber ex Wiggers Common dandelion
Tussilago farfara L. Colt’s Foot
ANACARDIACEAE
Rhus aromatica Ait Fragrant sumac
Toxicodendron radicans L. Poison Ivy
ANNONACEAE
Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal. Paw Paw
APIACEAE
Cryptotaenia canadensis (L>) DC Honewort
Heracleum lanatum Michx Cow Parsnip
Medicago sativa L. Black medic
Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC Smooth Sweet Cicely
Thaspium trifoliatum (L.) Gray Woodland Meadow Parsnip
Trifolium camprestre Schreb. Low Hop Clover
Trifolium repens L. White clover
APOCYNACEAE
Vinca minor L. Periwinkle
ARISTOLOCHIACEAE
Asarum canadense L. Wild Ginger
ASCLEPIADACEAE
Asclepias quadrifolia Jacq. Four leaved Milkweed
ASTERACEAE
Aster macrophyllus L. Big leaved aster
Coreopsis major Walt. Wood tickseed.
Erigeron pulchellus Michx. Robin’s Plantain (WV)
Ragged Robin some books
E. strigosus Muhl Daisy Fleabane
Krigia biflora (Walt.) Blake Cynthia
Polymnia canadensis L. White Flowed Leaf cup
Senecio aureus L. Golden Ragwort
S. obovatus Muhl. Ex Willd Squaw weed
S. Pauperculus Michx. Balsam squaw weed
N b. the differences in the species descriptions between the first and second editions of Gleason and Cronquist are profound, as Chad and I found out when keying, I used the 1st edition and the 2nd. There was not even agreement on whether a species was an annual or a perennial.
BERBERIDACEAE
Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx Blue cohosh
Podophyllum peltatum L. May Apple
BRASSICACEAE
Alliaria petiolata (Bied.) Cavara & Grande Garlic Mustard
Arabis lyrata L. Lyre leaf rockcress
Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard
Cardamine angustata O. E. Schultz Slender toothwort
Syn. Dentaria heterophylla Nutt.
CAMPANULACEAE
Triodanis perfoliata (L) Nieuwl. Venus’ Looking Glass
Syn. Specularia perfoliata (L.) A. DC
CAPRIFOLIACEAE
Lonicera japonica Thunb. Japanese Honeysuckle
Sambucus canadensis L. Black Elderberry
Virburnum acerifolium L. Maple Leaved Virburnum
V. prunifolium L. Black Haw
V. rafinesquianum J. A. Schultes Downey Arrowwood
CARYOPHYLLACEAE
Stellaria longifolia Muhl. Ex Willd Longleaf Stitchwort
S. pubera Michx. Great Chickweed
CLUSIACEAE
Hypericum hypericoides (L.)Crantz St. Andrews Cross
H. prolificum L. Shrubby St. John’s wort
CORNACEAE
Cornus florida L. Flowering Dogwood
CORYLACEAE
Corylus americana Walt. Hazel nut
CRASSULACEAE
Sedum Ternatum Michx. Wild Stonecrop
ERICACEAE
Epigaea repens L. Trailing Arbutus
Kalmia latifolia L. Mountain Laurel
Oxydendrum arboreum )L) DC Sourwood
Rhododendron maximum L. Rhododendron
Rhododendron prinophyllum (Small) Millais Rose Azalea
Syn. R. roseum (Loesel.) Rehd.
Rhododendron sp. (Deciduous) Suppressed in low light situation
Vaccinium pallidum Ait. Upland Low blueberry
V. stamineum L. Squaw huckleberry
N.b. There has been substantial revision genus Vaccinium; in the first edition of Gleason and Cronquist there are 27 species and in the 2nd there are 18. In both of the species listed above the current editions of Strausbaugh and Core includes several other names.
FABACEAE
Cercis Canadensis L. Redbud
Meehania cordata (Nutt.) Britt Meehania
Vicia caroliniana Walt. Wild Vetch
FAGACEAE
Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. American Beech
Quercus alba L. White oak
FUMARIACEAE
Corydalis flavula (Raf) DC Yellow corydalis
GERANIACEAE
Geranium maculatum L. Wild Cranesbill
GROSSULARIACEAE
Ribes cynosbati L. Prickly Gooseberry
HAMAMELIDACEAE
Hamamelis virginiana L. Witch Hazel
HIPPOCASTANACEAE
Aesculus flava Aiton Yellow Buckeye
HYDROPHYLLACEAE
Hydrophyllum appendiculatum Michx. Appendaged waterleaf
JUGLANDACEAE
Carya ovalis (Wang.) Sarg Oval pignut hickory
LAMIACEAE
Blephilia ciliata (L.) Benth Downy Woodmint
Cunila origanoides (L.) Britt Dittany
Gleochoma hederacea L. Ground Ivy
Prunella vulgaris L. Self Heal
Pycnanthemum sp. Immature
Salvia lyrata L. Lyre leaved sage
LAURACEAE
Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Spicebush
Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nutt White sassafras
MAGNOLIACEAE
Liriodendron tulipifera L. Yellow Poplar, tulip tree
Magnolia tripetala (L.) L. Umbrella Magnolia
OLEACEAE
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. Red Ash
Var. subintegerrima (Vahl.) Fern Green ash
Not recognized as sp or var. in WV
OROBANCHACEAE
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. F Cancer root , Squaw root
OXALIDACEAE
Oxalis violacea L. Violet Wood Sorrel
PAPAVERACEAE
Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot
PLANTAGINACEAE
Plantago aristata Michx. Bracted plantain
P. rugelii Decne. Common Plantain
P. virginica L. Dwarf Plantain
POLEMONIACEAE
Hydrophyllum
Phlox maculata L. Wild Sweet William
Polemonium reptans L. Greek Valerian (WV)
Jacob’s Ladder (OH)
PRIMULACEAE
Dodecatheon media L. Shooting Star
Lysimachia quadrifolia L. Whorled Loosestrife
RANUNCULACEAE
Aquilegia canadensis L. Wild Columbine
Enemion biternatum Raf. False Rue Anemone
Syn. Isopryum biternatum (Raf.) Torr & Gray
Hepatica nobilis (P. Mill var. acuta (Pursh) Steyermark Sharp lobed liverleaf
Syn. H. acutiloba DC
Hepatica nobilis (P.Mill. Var. obtusa (Pursh)Steyermark Round lobed liverleaf
Syn. H. americana (DC) Ker.
Ranunculus abortivus L. Kidney leaf crowfoot
R. hispidus Michx. Hispid Buttercup
R. sp. Undetermined crowsfoot
Thalictrum dioicum L. Early Meadow Rue
ROSACEAE
Amelanchier sp. Service berry between fl and ft.
Geum vernum (Raf.) Torr. & Gray Spring avens
Rosa carolina L. Pasture rose
Rosa multiflora Thunb. Ex Murr. Rambler Rose
RUBIACEAE
Galium aparine L. Common Bedstraw
G. circaezans Michs. Wild liquorice
Hudsonia caerulea L. Bluets
Mitchella repens L. Partridge berry
RUTACEAE
Ptelea trifoliata L. Hop tree
SAXIFRAGACEAE
Heuchera americana L. var. americana Alumroot
Heuchera parviflora Bartl. Small flowered alumroot
Hydrangea arborescens L. Wild Hydrangea
Mitella diphylla L. Miterwort (WV)
Bishop’s cap (KY) (OH)
Tiarella cordifolia L. Foam flower
SCROPHULARIACEAE
Pedicularis canadensis L. Common lousewort, Wood Betony
Veronica polita Fries Field Speedwell
Veronica serpyllifolia L. Thyme Leaved Speedwell
TILIACEAE
Tilia americana L. Basswood
T. americana L.var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. White Basswood
Syn. T. heterophylla Vent.
VIOLACEAE
Hybanthus concolor (Forster) Spreng Green Violet
Viola blanda Willd. Sweet white violet
V. canadensis L. Canada Violet
V. hirsutula Brainard Triangle Leaf Violet
V. palmata L. var. triloba (Schwein) Gingins ex DC Three lobed violet
Syn V. triloba Schwein
V. rostrata Pursh. Long-Spurred Violet
V. sagittata Ait. Arrow leaf violet
V. striata Ait Striped Violet
VITACEAE
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. Virginia Creeper
Vitis aestivalis Michx. Summer Grape